Temporomandibular joint (TMJ) syndrome refers to a group of common conditions that cause jaw pain and dysfunction. Etiology is variable, with bruxism, teeth grinding, degenerative joint disease, gouty arthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, tumors, ankylosing spondylitis, and head, neck, and jaw injuries all having a causal relationship. Emotional stress and psychiatric conditions are frequent comorbidities. Young adult females are more commonly affected.

Clinical presentation includes unilateral pain surrounding the masticatory muscles, TMJ clicking or popping sounds, limited range of jaw motion, otalgia, odontalgia, tinnitus, and headaches.