Median rhomboid glossitis, or central papillary atrophy, is a condition that, in most cases, represents chronic infection of the mid-posterior dorsal tongue by Candida albicans. It may also occur as a result of minor trauma or irritation. While originally thought to be a developmental anomaly, median rhomboid glossitis is not typically seen in children.

It is found in 1% of adults. No significant sex predilection is noted.

In most instances, the condition is asymptomatic, although some patients may report a mild burning or itching sensation of the mid-posterior dorsal tongue.

The condition affects immunocompetent patients but can also present in the setting of immunosuppression, such as from HIV or diabetes.

Most examples are chronic, lasting months.