Potentially life-threatening emergency
Palytoxin poisoning
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Synopsis
Palytoxin (PTX) is a heat-stable aquatic neurotoxin produced by marine red algal dinoflagellates, anemones, corals, and crustaceans. Exposure can be secondary to physical contact or inhalation.
The mechanisms of PTX poisoning include sodium / potassium adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) channel opening effects that prolong depolarization, causing muscle spasms with myofilament damage and release of muscle enzymes.
Patients typically present within 8-16 hours of ingestion or inhalation exposure with a metallic taste in the mouth, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, circumoral and peripheral paresthesias, muscle weakness, seizures, pruritic skin eruptions, chest pain, cough, dyspnea, hypertension, or myoglobinuria.
The mechanisms of PTX poisoning include sodium / potassium adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase) channel opening effects that prolong depolarization, causing muscle spasms with myofilament damage and release of muscle enzymes.
Patients typically present within 8-16 hours of ingestion or inhalation exposure with a metallic taste in the mouth, vomiting, abdominal cramps, diarrhea, circumoral and peripheral paresthesias, muscle weakness, seizures, pruritic skin eruptions, chest pain, cough, dyspnea, hypertension, or myoglobinuria.
Codes
ICD10CM:
T65.91XA – Toxic effect of unspecified substance, accidental (unintentional), initial encounter
SNOMEDCT:
275385007 – Biological substance poisoning
T65.91XA – Toxic effect of unspecified substance, accidental (unintentional), initial encounter
SNOMEDCT:
275385007 – Biological substance poisoning
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Last Reviewed:04/01/2019
Last Updated:04/01/2019
Last Updated:04/01/2019
Potentially life-threatening emergency
Palytoxin poisoning