Contents

SynopsisCodesLook ForDiagnostic PearlsDifferential Diagnosis & PitfallsBest TestsManagement PearlsTherapyReferences
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibody syndrome
Other Resources UpToDate PubMed

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibody syndrome

Contributors: Andrea Wasilewski MD, Richard L. Barbano MD, PhD
Other Resources UpToDate PubMed

Synopsis

Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antibody syndrome is an immune-mediated inflammatory condition of the brain. This syndrome results from antibody formation against NMDA receptors in the brain and may be autoimmune or paraneoplastic in etiology.

Patients will often have a prodromal phase with fevers, headaches, and flu-like symptoms prior to developing neurologic and psychiatric manifestations. Within days to weeks, patients will classically develop prominent psychiatric symptoms (anxiety, hallucinations, delusions, unusual behavior), memory issues, seizures, encephalopathy, abnormal movements (chorea, dystonia, abnormal postures), language impairment, and autonomic instability.

This condition affects both children and adults and has been reported in patients as young as 8 years. Half of female patients over the age of 18 with anti-NMDA receptor antibody syndrome will have an ovarian teratoma. There is also an association of this condition with a prior history of herpes simplex viral encephalitis.

Codes

ICD10CM:
G13.1 – Other systemic atrophy primarily affecting central nervous system in neoplastic disease

SNOMEDCT:
95643007 – Autoimmune encephalitis

Look For

Subscription Required

Diagnostic Pearls

Subscription Required

Differential Diagnosis & Pitfalls

To perform a comparison, select diagnoses from the classic differential

Subscription Required

Best Tests

Subscription Required

Management Pearls

Subscription Required

Therapy

Subscription Required

References

Subscription Required

Last Reviewed:10/23/2018
Last Updated:11/06/2018
Copyright © 2024 VisualDx®. All rights reserved.
Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibody syndrome
Print  
A medical illustration showing key findings of Anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antibody syndrome : Seizures, Memory impairment
Copyright © 2024 VisualDx®. All rights reserved.